Hydrocarbons are the simplest organic compounds which contain only carbon and hydrogen. The other organic compounds consist of carbon, hydrogen, and other elements, for example glucose contains C, H, and O; protein contains C, H, O, N. A lot of organic compounds around us. The word Organic comes from Organism. So organic compound is a compound which concerns with organism. There are compounds which also contain carbon chain, but they aren't organic compounds. These compounds are classified as Carbon compounds; for example plastics, paper, and ruber. Wohler has found these group of compounds, started with ureum in his investigation.
The characteristics of carbon atom
Atomic number of carbon atom is 6. Electronic configuration is 1s2 2s2 2p2. In the diamond, carbon atom bonds one of another through octet system, so that there are tetrahedral structure which link together. In organic compounds, carbon atoms form a chain. There are a variety of chains; they can be opened chain and closed chain. Hydrocarbon compounds which have an opened chain can be classified as alifatic hydrocarbons. Benzene is an aromatic hydrocarbon which is a special closed chain. The closed chain compounds are cyclic molecules. These compounds can be homocyclic and heterocyclic. The example of homocyclic is cyclo alkane. All the chains can be straight-chain and branched chain.
Hydrocarbon derivatives are formed when there is a substitution of a functional group at one or more of these positions.
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